Parenti Part II: Ch. 4,5,6,7,& 8

In chapter four, Parenti begins with the death of Ekaru and how his killing is a concrete result of climate change.  The world is not the world's leaders are not fundamentally thinking about the repercussions of their "logic" analysis and solution to try and end climate change by "warfare".  "The situation is so bad in some areas that people are now killing each other for water-shooting it out for control of wells and pasture.  This is perhaps the most direct example of how climate change plays out as violence" Parenti liberally states his opinion about the true facts that are currently happening in the world.  He saw first hand what climate change was doing to our world, more specifically East Africa.  Parenti discusses how tribes were turning on each other and raiding each other's tribes for resources by using violence to get what they needed.  Parenti also, shockingly gave the statistics of Kenya's annual drought-fueled violence during the summer of 2008.  From August 5th to September 4th, many people were killed because of climate change.

In chapter five Parenti addresses the issue of the clouds being the "main" resource to the residents of East Africa, Kenya how distraught the residents have been because of droughts that have consequently devastated them agriculturally.  "Climate plays a key role in socioeconomic activity-our economy is very weather dependent.  Most Kenyan farmers rely on the two rainy seasons, one in the spring, the other in autumn" Chief Meterologist James Muhindi states.  Parenti goes above and beyond to establish and ultimately publish, this book in regards to what the world is going through with climate change and wars by making all the way across to East Africa.  

In chapter six Parenti discusses the history of the British annexing, and ultimately shaping, East Africa in the early 1890s.  Throughout this chapter, Parenti lays out the fundamental history and background of Africa and it's territorial owners that fought over the land.  Africa is one of the places that is in drastic needs of help because of the how bad the climate change has affect it's cultural land by tribes becoming desperate and raids being created so people could get resources and barely get by life.

In chapter seven, Parenti introduces the leader Mohammed Siad Barre, a social reformer who came into somewhat power.  Parenti discusses the fall of the lion when the emperor Haile Selassie was in reign and how the Sahelian drought devastated many Ethiopian farmers, oil prices were tripling, and the economy was in horrid value.  In attempts to restore order, Selassie ordered an military army to control the public under chaos.  Siad Barre saw the craziness that was happening on the border and took initiative to seize Ogaden, and did.  War broke out because of the seize.  These wars were shadowing powers from the Cold War.

In chapter eight, Parenti discusses how the climate change has greatly affected the small land place of Kisangani.  Kisangani basically, turned into ruins.  Kisangani was fully disconnected with the outer world and society itself.  Parenti describes how Kisangani wasn't even connected to the Democratic Republic of Congo.  Kisangani was technically part of the failing state.  "War makes states" is a quote from Charles Tilly's essay recalls the facts that organized-crime style protection rackets came close to taxation by the states.  War had deeply made holes in states pockets because of the European war was becoming so expensive to maintain and keep forth with all the ships, cannons, and fielding armies, that the project of taxation and administration became more developed in terms of this outcome.

Quiz Question: How bad was the condition of Kisangani? Was it connected to the DRC or society for that matter?

Research Proposal: Africa is a living proof of the negative outcome of climate change.  Can't the leagues/united  nations reunite and come to a consensus of how to deal with this issue? Because it's only becoming worse and worse and countries are starting to experience it first hand, like the death of Ekaru Loruman.